The Ministry of Training just lately launched the PGI for states and Union Territories for 2020-21. At present’s story seems to be on the particulars of this newest report together with the motion of states throughout totally different ranges.
The Efficiency Grading Index (PGI) is a device to offer insights into the Indian faculty schooling system. One of many targets of the PGI is to supply info on the state of college schooling in States & UTs, together with key ranges that affect efficiency and vital efficiency classes. It identifies the gaps and aids States/UTs in prioritising the intervention areas to verify the college schooling system is powerful at each stage. It additionally intends to encourage States and UTs to implement multifaceted interventions that can consequence within the extremely sought optimum academic outcomes, whereas additionally encouraging them to undertake greatest practises.
One key characteristic of this index is the horizontal unfold of this index, protecting a number of areas of interventions that instantly/not directly affect the schooling system. The Ministry of Training just lately released the PGI for states and Union Territories for 2020-21. At present’s story seems to be on the particulars of this newest report. Factly’s story on earlier editions of PGI may be accessed here.
The methodology behind PGI:
Earlier than trying on the methodology, a number of key features are to be famous. PGI is completed at two levels- States & UTs, and Districts. This index doesn’t use any main knowledge for its grading. It makes use of the present secondary knowledge from Unified District Info System for Training (UDISE), the Nationwide Achievement Survey (NAS) of NCERT, the Mid-Day Meal web site, the Public Monetary Administration System (PFMS), and the Shagun portal.
For state-level index, PGI is structured in two categories- Outcomes and Governance & Administration. The outcomes class is additional divided into domains corresponding to studying outcomes and high quality, entry, infrastructure and amenities, and fairness. The PGI follows a grading technique, as an alternative of rating. It permits the states with the identical efficiency to be at related ranges, with out inflicting any stigma connected.
The most recent launched report additionally follows the identical methodology as its earlier editions. Since a lot of the knowledge is self-reported by the states, any enhancements might also be doubtlessly as a consequence of improved knowledge gathering and reporting programs.
Key Highlights- PGI state
States vs. PGI Grades
As acknowledged earlier, the first goal of the PGI is to convey transformational change by offering inputs on all of the influencing elements of the college schooling system. It’s a new index, that was launched within the yr 2017-18. If we have a look at the efficiency of the states over these 4 years, incremental progress is noticed.
The best rating in 2017–18 was Degree IV (rating vary: 801–850), which improved to Degree II in 2020–21 (rating vary: 901–950), indicating a gentle enchancment within the efficiency of States/UTs over the earlier 4 years. Within the years 2017–18 and 2018–19, no state achieved the highest two ranges (Degree I and Degree II), whereas in 2019-20, 5 states and in 2020–21, seven states achieved Degree II. In distinction, 12 States/UTs fared beneath stage VII in 2017–18, whereas no state has carried out beneath Degree VII in 2020–21, demonstrating a notable enchancment in States/UTs over the previous 4 years. No State figured within the backside three ranges in 2020-21 as towards 2 States within the backside three ranges in 2019-20. Essentially the most notable efficiency in 2020–21 is Ladakh, which elevated from Degree 10 in 2019–20 to Degree 4 in 2020–21. Regardless of this important enchancment, no state in these 4 years achieved the top-most grade, i.e., Degree-1.
States’ efficiency over time
It must be famous that this enchancment isn’t equivalent throughout the states. Some states noticed an enormous bounce, whereas some remained on the identical stage. Compared to none in 2017–18, a complete of seven States and UTs—Kerala, Punjab, Chandigarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh—have achieved Degree II (scoring 901–950) in 2020–21. In PGI 2020–21, 12 States had been graded as Degree III (scoring 851–900), 6 States as Degree IV (rating 801–850), 6 States as Degree V (rating 751–800), 4 States as Degree VI, and one State, Arunachal Pradesh, remained in Degree VII (rating 651–700). In complete, 27 States and UTs have raised their general PGI rating from 2019–20 to 2020–21.
Inter-state differential
One of many predominant targets of PGI is to tell the States and UTs of the areas of enchancment in order that they will work to earn the best grade and rating. Wherever they’re graded, all States and UTs ought to attempt to advance to greater grades the subsequent yr. The inter-state disparity is calculated because the distinction between the very best and the lowest-ranked states. The inter-state disparity in 2017-18 was nearly 300, which rose above 300 factors in 2018-19. For 2019-20, this distinction jumped to 384, and for 2020-21, the distinction dropped to 259, demonstrating a substantial enchancment within the efficiency of the states on the backside.
What brought about these enhancements?
Whereas there was appreciable progress within the states’ rankings in PGI grades, additionally it is vital to take a look at the areas of such enchancment. As famous earlier, the grading is completed for 5 domains – studying outcomes and high quality, entry, infrastructure and amenities, fairness, and Governance Course of.
Enchancment within the Governance course of is likely one of the important elements contributing to an increase in PGI rankings, in response to the domain-specific evaluation. There was a modest enchancment in entry for main states. Provided that the info supply is similar—the Nationwide Achievement Survey, 2017—the scores within the domains of studying outcomes and high quality remained fixed. All main states besides Tamil Nadu did higher at enhancing amenities and infrastructure with Chhattisgarh standing out as the highest performer. Only a few states improved fairness, whiles states like Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Gujarat, Bihar, and Rajasthan confirmed a decline in fairness provisioning.
Key Caveat
- The PGI report for 2020-21 nonetheless makes use of the info for Studying Outcomes (LO) from the Nationwide Achievement Survey 2017, which was performed nearly 3 years in the past. Utilizing the identical previous knowledge may doubtlessly negate any enhancements made by the states over these 4 years.
In a welcoming transfer, the PGI Report for 2021–22 will likely be redesigned by including new indicators to broaden the protection with out altering the entire factors to be according to NEP 2020 plans. Thus, the Index will give larger weight to domains like lecturers, digital schooling, studying outcomes, and so forth., The up to date PGI 2021–2022, would take away the out of date and saturated indicators whereas the grading and marking process is anticipated to be extra exact for future editions.
